Geographic Regions of Nepal

Nepal is divided into three main geographic regions running east to west, each with distinct characteristics:

Himalayan Region (Himal)

The northern belt above 4,000m, covering 15% of Nepal's area. Home to 8 of the world's 14 peaks over 8,000m including Mount Everest (8,848.86m).

Hill Region (Pahad)

The central belt between 300-4,000m, covering 68% of Nepal's area. Contains Kathmandu Valley, Pokhara, and most population centers.

Terai Region

The southern lowland plains below 300m, covering 17% of Nepal's area. The most fertile and densely populated region.

Eight-Thousanders in Nepal

Nepal is home to eight of the world's fourteen peaks above 8,000 meters:

MountainHeightWorld RankFirst Ascent
Mount Everest (Sagarmatha)8,848.86m1st1953
Kanchenjunga8,586m3rd1955
Lhotse8,516m4th1956
Makalu8,485m5th1955
Cho Oyu8,188m6th1954
Dhaulagiri I8,167m7th1960
Manaslu8,163m8th1956
Annapurna I8,091m10th1950

Major Rivers

Nepal's major rivers originate in the Himalayas and flow southward to join the Ganges in India:

  • Koshi River - Major river system in eastern Nepal (also called Sapta Koshi)
  • Gandaki River - Central Nepal, originating near the Annapurna massif
  • Karnali River - Longest river in Nepal, originating in Tibet
  • Bagmati River - Sacred river flowing through Kathmandu
  • Trishuli River - Popular for white water rafting

Major Lakes

  • Rara Lake - Largest lake in Nepal (Mugu District)
  • Phewa Lake - Second largest, located in Pokhara
  • Begnas Lake - Near Pokhara
  • Tilicho Lake - One of highest lakes in the world (4,919m)
  • Gosaikunda - Sacred alpine lake

Elevation Profile

Extreme Points

  • Highest Point: Mount Everest - 8,848.86m
  • Lowest Point: Kechana Kalan - 59m
  • Elevation Range: 8,789.86m (largest in world)

Key Physical Facts

  • Total Area: 147,516 km²
  • East-West Length: 885 km
  • North-South Width: 145-241 km
  • Glaciers: Over 3,800